---
title: Linux换源和CentOS切换备用源
published: 2025-01-11
tags: [网络, 教程]
category: 运维
draft: false
---

### 前言

众所周知 `CentOS 7`系统已于2024年06月30日停止维护，并且再也没有新版本会维护了，所以我建议大佬们能迁移还是尽量迁移，推荐迁移到`Ubuntu`或者`Debian`系统，我自己比较喜欢`Debian`系统，因为轻量也稳定。新手小白我推荐使用`Ubuntu`系统，因为预装了很多工具和库。虽然`CentOS`系统全都停止维护了，但是还是可以使用的，只是yum源失效了，所以本文介绍换源的操作。


### 使用开源的换源脚本，支持多种Linux系统换源。

国内环境：
```
bash <(curl -sSL https://gitee.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors/raw/main/ChangeMirrors.sh)
```


海外环境切换官方源：
```
bash <(curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SuperManito/LinuxMirrors/main/ChangeMirrors.sh) --use-official-source true
```

**此脚本会自动识别你的`Linux`版本，`CentOS`系统切换官方源时会自动使用备用源。推荐使用！**


---

### 可选项：手动换源教程

这里只列出了我常用的系统，其他系统请网上搜索一下对应的源替换一下就行了，步骤都是一样的，然后换源是需要root权限的。

建议先备份`sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak`

然后打开文件`/etc/apt/sources.list`替换源

国内清华大学`debian 11`源
```
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
```
国内清华大学`ubuntu 20.04`源
```
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

## Pre-released source, not recommended.
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
```

官方`debian 11`源
```
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main contrib non-free
```
官方`debian 12`源
```
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
```

然后更新源就可以了
```
sudo apt update
```





#### `CentOS 7.9`切换官方备用vault源

创建和修改`/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo`文件
```
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=http://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
```
清理缓存并生成新的缓存
```
sudo yum clean all
sudo yum makecache
```
运行 `yum repolist` 命令，确保新源已生效
```
sudo yum repolist
```



#### `CentOS 7`切换阿里源
下载源到指定目录
```
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
```

清理缓存并生成新的缓存
```
sudo yum clean all
sudo yum makecache
```
运行 `yum repolist` 命令，确保新源已生效
```
sudo yum repolist
```